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Organic chemistry
Course: Organic chemistry > Unit 3
Lesson 1: Naming alkanes- Representing structures of organic molecules
- Naming simple alkanes
- Naming alkanes with alkyl groups
- Correction - 2-propylheptane should never be the name!
- Common and systematic naming: iso-, sec-, and tert- prefixes
- Naming alkanes with ethyl groups
- Alkane with isopropyl group
- Organic chemistry naming examples 2
- Organic chemistry naming examples 3
- Naming a cycloalkane
- Naming two isobutyl groups systematically
- Organic chemistry naming examples 4
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Correction - 2-propylheptane should never be the name!
Correction - 2-Propylheptane should never be the name! Created by Sal Khan.
Want to join the conversation?
- Why not delete both of these and redo the video? Imagine watching the previous video only before a test...(5 votes)
- actually, it's better this way. because we will remember this mistake and learn from it. I will never make the mistake again. so, it is actually a learning experience. :)(254 votes)
- I am not a bio major, and I do not have a strong scientific or mathematical background (just to help you with how to phrase the answer to my question). At, you count the longer carbon chain. My question is why did you count from 3 to 4? Are they not sharing the same carbon? I am not reporting a problem (I don't think), but only requesting an explanation. Thank you very much. 1:28(20 votes)
- each end of a line segment is a carbon, so if he draws a (-), that would be two carbons. The 3 and four are opposite ends of a line segment and are thus two separate carbons, the line is just to show that they are bonded. for a shared carbon the line segments would originate from the same source. For example a (Y), indicates that the sented of the Y, where the "v" comes together, is one carbon bonded to 3 others, or "shared" by three others, the other carbons being the 3 lines that converge at the center. Hope this helps!(27 votes)
- What about 4-propylheptane? I mean, both possible chains would have 7 carbons...(14 votes)
- 4-propylheptane would imply the propane group is at the 4th carbon of a heptane. Its a proper name but not what is shown.(3 votes)
- So 2-Propylheptane doesn't exist?
Thanks for a nice video!(4 votes)- 2-Propylheptane exists but not under that name. If you look for it on-line or in a chemical dictionary, you won’t find it.
In the same way, if your nickname is Yoshi, you will still exist and your friends will know who you are, but you won’t be found in any official records under that name.(11 votes)
- What is Keyton,Ester, Aldehyde,Alcohol,Ether & Carboxylic Acid in the functional group?Can someone tell me?(1 vote)
- An alcohol has an O atom with an H on one side and an alkyl group on the other side: R-O-H.
An ether has an O atom with an C on one side and a C on the other: R-O-R'.
An aldehyde has a carbonyl (C=O) group with a C on one side and an H on the other: R-(C=O)-H.
A ketone has a carbonyl (C=O) group with a C on one side and an C on the other: R-(C=O)-R.
A carboxylic acid has a carbonyl (C=O) group with a C on one side and an OH on the other: R-(C=O)-OH.
An ester has a carbonyl (C=O) group with a C on one side and an OR on the other: R-(C=O)-OR.(11 votes)
- what if the chain on both sides are the same length?(2 votes)
- If two chains of the same length are competing for selection as the main chain, you choose the one that has the lowest substituent numbers at the first point of difference.(4 votes)
- Is "3,3 dimethyl prop-1-yne (or 3,3 dimethyl 1-propyne)" a correct name a the structure?(2 votes)
- No, one of your "methyl" groups would go into the backbone of the molecule, so the name would be 3-methyl-1-butyne.(3 votes)
- Hi, In my chem uni study guide it says the longest unbranched chain. so it would be propyl heptane but your saying its not. Can you clarify if the longest chain you are showing here is branched or unbranched? im getting 2 different explanations and im not sure whats right.(2 votes)
- Try drawing out the structure for "2-propylheptane" and then figure out the longest unbranched chain.
You will find that the side chain is not a propyl group!
Consequently the correct name will be something different.(3 votes)
- i really loved it but how come chemical bonding chapter is not available .....(1 vote)
- You may find Chemical Bonding in the Chemistry section. Cheers!(4 votes)
- What is IUPAC naming of (CCl3)CCl(2 votes)
Video transcript
In the last video, we tried
to draw a 2-Propylheptane. And we did our best attempt at
drawing it, but it was pointed out that this wouldn't even be
called a 2-Propylheptane to begin with. So you actually should never
see something called 2-Propylheptane. Let me show you what
I'm talking about. So when do you see something
like this, you might immediately say-- and the way
we drew it was actually correct, it just wouldn't be
called 2-Propylheptane. So you say heptane. So that is a seven
carbon alkane. No double bond, so one, two,
three, four, five, six, seven. And then on the second carbon,
so you have one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, we
have a propyl group. Propyl, that is three carbons. So on the second carbon we
have a propyl group. That's three carbons. So that is one, two, three. And so the way we drew it
was just like this. And so if someone gave you
2-Propylheptane, this would be what you would draw. But you wouldn't call this
2-Propylheptane. Because remember, if you're
given the molecule you look for the longest chain and the
longest chain here is not the heptane chain. It is not one, two, three, it is
not this thing in magenta-- in this kind of mauve color. It's this chain where
you start over here. If you start over here, one,
two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, you actually
get a longer chain. So this would actually be the
backbone of this molecule right over there. That right over there would be
the backbone, and so you would number it. You start numbering closest to
the group that's attached, so one, two, three, four, five,
six, seven, eight, nine. So you have nine carbons in
your backbone, so we're dealing with nonane. We're dealing with nonane. And you have a methyl group:
one carbon attached to the fourth carbon of our
main backbone. So this is going to be four
methyl, this is our methyl group right here,
4-Methylnonane. So it was brought up, I think
the user name is Minoctu, and they correctly corrected me,
that there would never be such a thing as 2-Propylheptane. I just made that up. If someone were to, kind of,
label this molecule they would call it 4-Methylnonane
and ask you draw it. But either way, both of
these would point you in the right direction. This would just be the incorrect
name for it, because you'd be looking at-- if someone
gave you this molecule and you named it this way,
that would be incorrect. So I apologize for this. This is 4-Methylnonane. If you do heptane you're not
finding the longest chain.